Interfaces In Java

Interface

Interface is a pure abstract class.They are syntactically similar to classes, but you cannot create instance of an Interface and their methods are declared without any body. Interface is used to achieve complete abstraction in Java. When you create an interface it defines what a class can do without saying anything about how the class will do it.

Syntax :

interface interface_name { }

Example of Interface

interface Moveable 
{ 
 int AVERAGE-SPEED=40;
 void move();
}

NOTE : Compiler automatically converts methods of Interface as public and abstract, and the data members as public, static and final by default.

Rules for using Interface

Methods inside Interface must not be static, final, native or strictfp.
All variables declared inside interface are implicitly public static final variables(constants).
All methods declared inside Java Interfaces are implicitly public and abstract, even if you don't use public or abstract keyword.
Interface can extend one or more other interface.
Interface cannot implement a class.
Interface can be nested inside another interface.

Example of Interface implementation

interface Moveable 
{
 int AVG-SPEED = 40;
 void move();
}

class Vehicle implements Moveable 
{
 public void move()
 {
  System .out. print in ("Average speed is"+AVG-SPEED");
 }
 public static void main (String[] arg)
 {
  Vehicle vc = new Vehicle();
  vc.move();
 }
}

Output :

Average speed is 40.

Interfaces supports Multiple Inheritance

Though classes in java doesn't suppost multiple inheritance, but a class can implement more than one interface.

interface Moveable 
{
 boolean isMoveable();
}

interface Rollable
{
 boolean isRollable
}

class Tyre implements Moveable, Rollable 
{
 int width;

 boolean isMoveable()
 {
  return true;
 }

 boolean isRollable()
 {
  return true;
 }
 public static void main(String args[])
 {
  Tyre tr=new Tyre();
  System.out.println(tr.isMoveable());
  System.out.println(tr.isRollable());
 }
}

Output :

true
true

Interface extends other Interface

Classes implements interfaces, but an interface extends other interface.

interface NewsPaper
{
 news();
}

interface Magazine extends NewsPaper
{
 colorful();
}

Difference between an interface and an abstract class?

Abstract class	Interface
Abstract class is a class which contain one or more abstract methods, which has to be implemented by its sub classes.	Interface is a Java Object containing method declaration but no implementation. The classes which implement the Interfaces must provide the method definition for all the methods.
Abstract class is a Class prefix with an abstract keyword followed by Class definition.	Interface is a pure abstract class which starts with interface keyword.
Abstract class can also contain concrete methods.	Whereas, Interface contains all abstract methods and final variable declarations.
Abstract classes are useful in a situation that Some general methods should be implemented and specialization behavior should be implemented by child classes.	Interfaces are useful in a situation that all properties should be implemented.

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